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Non-malignant disease (155)
COVID-19 (6)
Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays to protect healthcare workers when undertaking aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) on patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection
Interventions for the prevention of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction
Interventions for the treatment of persistent post-viral olfactory dysfunction (protocol stage)
Interventions for the treatment of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction
Use of antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays by healthcare workers to protect them when treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection
Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection to improve patient outcomes and to protect healthcare workers treating them
Ear (92)
Auditory nerve (1)
Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) (1)
Stereotactic radiotherapy for vestibular schwannoma
External ear (5)
Absence of pinna (0)
Atresia of external auditory canal (0)
Benign neoplasms - external ear (0)
Congenital bat ear (0)
Ear wax (cerumen) (1)
Ear drops for the removal of ear wax
Exostosis of external auditory canal (0)
Haematoma of pinna (1)
Interventions for acute auricular haematoma
Otitis externa (2)
Hyperbaric oxygen as an adjuvant treatment for malignant otitis externa
Interventions for acute otitis externa
Otomycosis (1)
Topical azole treatments for otomycosis
Per-auricular sinus/fistula (0)
Polyp of external auditory canal (0)
Stenosis of external auditory canal (0)
Middle ear and mastoid (28)
Acute mastoiditis (0)
Acute otitis media (see also Acute Respiratory Infections Group) (1)
Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children
Chronic otitis media (25)
Cholesteatoma (0)
Chronically discharging eardrum perforations (9)
Topical antibiotics without steroids for chronically discharging ears with underlying eardrum perforations
Systemic antibiotics versus topical treatments for chronically discharging ears with underlying eardrum perforations
Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media
Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media
Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media
Topical antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media
Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media
Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media
Otitis media with effusion (OME)/'glue ear'/chronic secretory otitis media (16)
Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (protocol stage)
Adenoidectomy for otitis media in children
Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion in children
Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (protocol stage)
Antihistamines and/or decongestants for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children
Autoinflation for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion
Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (protocol stage)
Grommets (ventilation tubes) for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children
Identification of children in the first four years of life for early treatment for otitis media with effusion
Interventions for children with ear discharge occurring at least two weeks following grommet (ventilation tube) insertion
Interventions for the prevention of postoperative ear discharge after insertion of ventilation tubes (grommets) in children
Interventions for the prevention of postoperative grommet (ventilation tube) obstruction (protocol stage)
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children
Topical and oral steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (protocol stage)
Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (protocol stage)
Water precautions for prevention of infection in children with ventilation tubes (grommets)
Conductive hearing loss (0)
Eustachian tube malfunction (1)
Balloon dilatation of the Eustachian tube for obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction in adults (protocol stage)
Mastoid cavity problems (0)
Ossicular problems (anomaly, discontinuity, dislocation, loss, fixation) (0)
Otosclerosis (0)
Tympanic membrane perforations (0)
Tympanic membrane retractions (1)
Surgery for tympanic membrane retraction pockets
Inner ear (57)
Anomalies of inner ear (0)
Endolymphatic hydrops (0)
Hearing loss (14)
Diagnosis (0)
Drug-induced (2)
Different infusion durations for preventing platinum-induced hearing loss in children with cancer
Medicines to prevent hearing loss in children receiving platinum chemotherapy for cancer
Hearing aids (4)
Bilateral versus unilateral hearing aids for bilateral hearing impairment in adults
Hearing aids for mild to moderate hearing loss in adults
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co-existing hearing loss
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation
Noise-induced (see Occupational Health Group) (2)
Effects of hearing protection field attenuation estimation systems and associated training on the level of noise attenuation in workers exposed to noise (protocol stage)
Interventions to prevent hearing loss caused by noise at work
Presbyacusis (0)
Screening (1)
Tests for screening for hearing loss in children about to start school (protocol stage)
Sensorineural (0)
Sudden sensorineural (5)
Antivirals for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Hyperbaric oxygen for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus
Intratympanic glucocorticoids for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (protocol stage)
Steroids for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Vasodilators and vasoactive substances for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Herpes zoster oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) (2)
Corticosteroids as adjuvant to antiviral treatment in Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus with facial palsy) in adults
Antiviral therapy for Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus with facial palsy) in adults
Labyrinthitis (0)
Motion sickness (2)
Antihistamines for motion sickness (protocol stage)
Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness
Ménière's disease (13)
Betahistine for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Restriction of salt, caffeine and alcohol intake for the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome
Diuretics for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Intratympanic aminoglycosides for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Intratympanic steroids for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Lifestyle and dietary interventions for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Positive pressure therapy for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Surgery for Ménière's disease
Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (protocol stage)
Perilymph fistula (0)
Tinnitus (15)
Anticonvulsants for tinnitus
Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus
Betahistine for tinnitus
Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus
Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus
Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus (protocol stage)
Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co-existing hearing loss
Hyperbaric oxygen for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus
Neuromodulation (desynchronisation) for tinnitus in adults (protocol stage)
Sound therapy (masking) in the management of tinnitus in adults
Sound therapy (using amplification devices and/or sound generators) for tinnitus
Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) for tinnitus
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus
Zinc supplementation for tinnitus
Vertigo (10)
Betahistine for symptoms of vertigo
Pharmacological agents for the prevention of vestibular migraine
Modifications of the Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
Non-pharmacological interventions for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (protocol stage)
Non-pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (protocol stage)
Pharmacological interventions for acute attacks of vestibular migraine (protocol stage)
Pharmacological interventions for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (protocol stage)
Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (protocol stage)
The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction
Vestibular neuritis (1)
Corticosteroids for the treatment of idiopathic acute vestibular dysfunction (vestibular neuritis)
Other (1)
Ear ache (otalgia) (0)
Ear surgery (1)
Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery
General ENT surgery (1)
Virtual reality training for improving the skills needed for performing surgery of the ear, nose or throat
Larynx (7)
(Croup) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
(Epiglottitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
(Laryngeal tuberculosis) - see Infectious Diseases Group (0)
Aphonia (0)
Congenital laryngeal web (0)
Functional dysphonia (1)
Interventions for treating functional dysphonia in adults
Hoarseness (0)
Laryngeal cleft (0)
Laryngeal oedema (0)
Laryngeal perichondritis (0)
Laryngeal spasm (0)
Laryngitis (0)
(Acute infective laryngitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Chronic laryngitis (0)
Laryngomalacia (0)
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (0)
Other (0)
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2)
Adjuvant antiviral therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Spastic dysphonia (1)
Botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia
Stridor (0)
Subglottic stenosis (0)
Vocal cord nodule (1)
Surgical versus non-surgical interventions for vocal cord nodules
Vocal cord paralysis (1)
Alternative injectable materials for vocal fold medialisation in unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Vocal cord polyp (0)
Voice disorders - prevention (1)
Interventions for preventing voice disorders in adults
Neck (0)
Benign neoplasms (0)
Carotid body (0)
Cranial nerve (0)
Branchial cyst (0)
Cervical lymphadenopathy (0)
Neck abscess (0)
Thyroglossal cyst (0)
Nose and sinuses (33)
(Acute rhinosinusitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Acquired deformity of the nose (0)
Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (0)
Allergic rhinitis (9)
Antihistamines used in addition to topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children
Capsaicin for allergic rhinitis in adults
Helminth therapy (worms) for allergic rhinitis
House dust mite avoidance measures for perennial allergic rhinitis
Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis
Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis
Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis
Inferior turbinate surgery for nasal obstruction in allergic rhinitis after failed medical treatment
Topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children
Anosmia (0)
Antrochoanal polyp (0)
Benign neoplasms (0)
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea (0)
Choanal atresia (1)
Surgery for congenital choanal atresia
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) (15)
CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) (2)
Surgical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Surgical versus medical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) (0)
CRS (with or without nasal polyps) (13)
Functional endoscopic balloon dilation of sinus ostia for chronic rhinosinusitis
Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis
Sinonasal debridement versus no debridement for the postoperative care of patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery
Different types of intranasal steroids for chronic rhinosinusitis
Intranasal steroids versus placebo or no intervention for chronic rhinosinusitis
Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery
Saline irrigation for chronic rhinosinusitis
Short-course oral steroids alone for chronic rhinosinusitis
Short-course oral steroids as an adjunct therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis
Steroid-eluting sinus stents for improving symptoms in chronic rhinosinusitis patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Systemic and topical antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis
Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis
Tranexamic acid for the reduction of bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (protocol stage)
Fractured nasal bones (0)
Nasal foreign body (0)
Nasal septum (abscess, deviation, haematoma, perforation) (0)
Nasal sinus mucocoele (0)
Non-allergic rhinitis (3)
Capsaicin for non-allergic rhinitis
Interventions for atrophic rhinitis
Intranasal corticosteroids for non-allergic rhinitis
Nosebleed (epistaxis) (2)
Interventions for recurrent idiopathic epistaxis (nosebleeds) in children
Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)
Other (3)
Adenoidectomy for recurrent or chronic nasal symptoms in children
Oral and intranasal aspirin desensitisation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (protocol stage)
Topical anaesthetic or vasoconstrictor preparations for flexible fibre-optic nasal pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy
Oral cavity - see Oral Health Group (0)
Pharynx (14)
(Infectious mononucleosis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Adenoid disorders (1)
Intranasal corticosteroids for nasal airway obstruction in children with moderate to severe adenoidal hypertrophy
Benign neoplasms (0)
Hypopharynx (0)
Nasopharynx (0)
Oropharynx (0)
Tonsil (0)
Globus pharyngeus (0)
Nasopharyngitis (0)
(Acute nasopharyngitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Chronic nasopharyngitis (0)
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) (1)
Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA)
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy) (1)
Needle aspiration versus incision and drainage for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess
Pharyngeal pouch (1)
Surgical interventions for pharyngeal pouch
Pharyngitis (0)
(Acute pharyngitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Chronic pharyngitis (0)
Retropharyngeal abscess (0)
Sleep-disordered breathing (2)
Obstructive sleep apnoea (2)
Non-surgical treatment - see Cochrane Airways Group (0)
Surgery (adults) - see Cochrane Airways Group (0)
Surgery (children) (2)
Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children
Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non-surgical management for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children
Snoring (0)
Tonsillitis (8)
(Acute tonsillitis) - see Acute Respiratory Infections Group (0)
Chronic tonsillitis (8)
Antibiotics for preventing recurrent sore throat
Antibiotics to reduce post-tonsillectomy morbidity
Dissection versus diathermy for tonsillectomy
Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following tonsillectomy
Oral rinses, mouthwashes and sprays for improving recovery following tonsillectomy
Steroids for improving recovery following tonsillectomy in children
Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non-surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis
Coblation versus other surgical techniques for tonsillectomy
Velopharyngeal problems (0)
Salivary gland (2)
Benign neoplasms (0)
Parotid gland (0)
Submandibular gland (0)
Frey's syndrome (2)
Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy
Interventions for the treatment of Frey's syndrome
Sialadentitis (0)
Sialolithiasis (0)
Skull base (0)
Glomus tumours (0)
Thyroid and parathyroid - see Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group (0)
Malignant disease (18)
External ear (0)
General head and neck cancer (10)
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) agents as adjuncts to conventional treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (protocol stage)
Enteral feeding methods for nutritional management in patients with head and neck cancers being treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy
Erythropoietin as an adjuvant treatment with (chemo) radiation therapy for head and neck cancer
Exercise interventions for shoulder dysfunction in patients treated for head and neck cancer
Hyperfractionated or accelerated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer
Modern radiotherapy techniques versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (protocol stage)
MRI versus CT versus 18F-FDG PET-CT for detecting lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (protocol stage)
Psychosocial interventions for patients with head and neck cancer
Therapeutic exercises for affecting post-treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced-stage head and neck cancers
Larynx (2)
Glottis (2)
MRI versus CT for detecting cartilage invasion in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (protocol stage)
Radiotherapy versus open surgery versus endolaryngeal surgery (with or without laser) for early laryngeal squamous cell cancer
Subglottis (0)
Supraglottis (0)
Neck (0)
Cervical lymph nodes (0)
Nose and sinuses (0)
Nose (0)
Nasal cavity (0)
Sinuses (0)
Ethmoidal sinus (0)
Frontal sinus (0)
Maxillary sinus (0)
Sphenoid sinus (0)
Oral cavity - see Oral Health Group (0)
Pharynx (6)
Hypopharynx (1)
MRI versus CT for detecting cartilage invasion in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (protocol stage)
Nasopharynx (2)
Chemotherapy as an adjunct to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Screening for nasopharyngeal cancer
Oropharynx (3)
De-escalation treatment protocols for human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small-volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
De-intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally invasive surgery for resectable HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma
Tonsil (0)
Salivary gland (parotid, sublingual and submandibular) (0)
Skull base (0)
Thyroid and parathyroid - see Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group (0)